Expanded clay is a natural material made from fired clay that works well as a filler at the bottom of a flower pot to ensure the roots receive the oxygen they need. Expanded clay is also a decorative surface covering; it helps balance soil moisture and keeps the soil surface clean. It prevents the spread of insects, contains no harmful compounds, and does not mold or rot. Place a 2–3 cm thick layer of lightweight gravel at the bottom of an empty pot, balcony planter, or flower box, and fill with potting soil. To prevent the gravel and soil layers from mixing, you can place a piece of burlap between them.